| Pages de Jean Kempf — Université
Lumière - Lyon 2 —
Département d'études du monde anglophone
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| Sommaire du site |
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| Quelques citations illustrant la notion de liberté (mentionnées en cours) |
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2) Echo de l'appel de Paine dans le discours de Abraham Lincoln en 1863 (Discours de Gettysburg) (c'est moi qui souligne) : "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate
a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here
gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting
and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can
not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. The
brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it,
far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note,
nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they
did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the
unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly
advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task
remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased
devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of
devotion—that we here highly
resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation,
under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the
people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
3) Réthorique des droits dans la Déclaration d'Indépendance, 4 juillet 1776 (c'est moi qui souligne) : "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness [droit de révolte sous conditions, voir infra]. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security." 4) Bill of Rights (1791), groupe des 10 premiers amendements à la Constitution : n°1 : "Congress shall make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press;
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
Government for a redress of grievances."
n°2 : "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." |
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